lps  (Novus Biologicals)

Journal: Analytical Chemistry

Article Title: Orthogonal Investigation at Single-Particle and Ensemble Levels Uncovers Lipoprotein-Extracellular Vesicle Binding

doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5c05327

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Sketched representation of the proposed SiMoA assay to detect EV–LP binding. (B) Control tests to assess nonspecific signals for HDL. (C) Control tests to assess nonspecific signals for LDL. (D) Control tests to assess nonspecific signals for VLDL. for all the graphs. Data are expressed in Average Enzyme per Bead (AEB). n = 2 independent experimental replicates. Legend: REV: unlabeled Red Blood Cell-derived EVs HDL: unlabeled High Density Lipoproteins. LDL: unlabeled Low Density Lipoproteins. VLDL: unlabeled Very Low Density Lipoproteins.

Article Snippet: The three-step SiMoA assay was performed using anti-Band 3-conjugated beads (Santa Cruz, sc-133190), unlabeled EV–LP complex samples, and biotinylated detector antibodies either anti-ApoA1 (Sigma-Aldrich, JS-251S1) or anti-ApoB100 (Santa Cruz, sc-393636).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Control, Derivative Assay

Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Microglia-specific interleukin-4 delivery by engineered extracellular vesicles restores inner blood-retinal barrier in diabetic retinopathy via GAS6-MERTK pathway

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03976-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: IL4@EV regulated endothelial cell and pericyte function. A Schematic showing experimental design and sample groups for an analysis of the function of HRMECs and pericytes. Microglia were stimulated with 1 µg/mL LPS to induce M1 type before exposed to PBS, free IL4, unmodified EV, or IL4@EV for 24 h. M1 microglia were presented in an ameboid larger manner and M2 or resting microglia were in smaller size with branches. B-C Transwell assays were performed to assess HRMECs migration ability ( n = 3). Scale bar: 100 μm. D-E Scratch wound healing assay were performed to assess HRMECs migration ability ( n = 3). Scale bar: 100 μm. F-G Flow cytometry analysis of the cell-death-inducing effect of microglia on pericytes by using annexin V/PE apoptosis detection ( n = 3). Percentages indicated the proportion of early and late apoptotic cells. H Blood–retinal barrier integrity was assessed by FITC‑dextran in co‑cultures of HRMECs with pericytes ( n = 3). * P < 0.1, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: To detect M1 polarization of primary microglia in vitro, the cells were treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h and then subjected to incubate with CD86-allophycocyanin (APC) (1:50; APC-65068, Proteintech) for 45 min at room temperature.

Techniques: Migration, Wound Healing Assay, Flow Cytometry